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This is the 28th volume of Memorial Tributes compiled by the National Academy of Engineering as a personal remembrance of the lives and outstanding achievements of its members and international members. These volumes are intended to stand as an enduring record of the many contributions of engineers and engineering to the benefit of humankind. In most cases, the authors of the tributes are contemporaries or colleagues who had personal knowledge of the interests and the engineering accomplishments of the deceased. Through its members and international members, the Academy...
This is the 28th volume of Memorial Tributes compiled by the National Academy of Engineering as a personal remembrance of the lives and outstanding achievements of its members and international members. These volumes are intended to stand as an enduring record of the many contributions of engineers and engineering to the benefit of humankind. In most cases, the authors of the tributes are contemporaries or colleagues who had personal knowledge of the interests and the engineering accomplishments of the deceased. Through its members and international members, the Academy carries out the responsibilities for which it was established in 1964.
Under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering was formed as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. Members are elected on the basis of significant contributions to engineering theory and practice and to the literature of engineering or on the basis of demonstrated unusual accomplishments in the pioneering of new and developing fields of technology. The National Academies share a responsibility to advise the federal government on matters of science and technology. The expertise and credibility that the National Academy of Engineering brings to that task stem directly from the abilities, interests, and achievements of our members and international members, our colleagues and friends, whose special gifts we remember in this book.
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BY ROBERT CRIPPEN
WILLIAM ALISON ANDERS leaves behind a legacy that spans outer space, the halls of political power, and the boardrooms of corporate America. His life exemplified human ingenuity, perseverance, and the relentless pursuit of excellence. Bill died at 90 on June 7, 2024, doing what he loved — flying his T-34 near his home in Anacortes, Washington.
A U.S. Air Force Reserve Major General, engineer, NASA astronaut, statesman, and business executive, he was born in Hong Kong on Oct. 17, 1933, the son of Navy Lieutenant Arthur F. Anders and Muriel (neé Adams). Bill graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1955 and joined the U.S. Air Force, where he earned his wings and served in the Air Defense Command. He then earned a master’s degree in nuclear engineering before applying to and being accepted into the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) third astronaut group in 1963.
He made a major contribution to humanity as an astronaut in the Apollo space program, quickly becoming a key figure in the space race. As the Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 8 — the first manned mission to orbit the moon — Anders, along with Frank Borman and Jim Lovell, made history on Dec. 21, 1968. Their mission was a milestone in human space exploration, laying the groundwork for subsequent Apollo missions that would end up landing humans on the moon.
During this mission, Anders captured the iconic “Earthrise” photograph, an image that not only showcased the beauty and fragility of Earth but also became a powerful symbol of environmental awareness and global unity. This photograph, which shows Earth rising over the moon’s horizon, is often credited with helping to spark the environmental movement, serving as a reminder of the interconnectedness of all life on our shared planet.
After retiring from NASA in 1969, Bill transitioned into public service, bringing his analytical mind and leadership skills to the Atomic Energy Commission. Appointed by President Richard Nixon, he served as executive secretary, and later as a commissioner, playing a crucial role in shaping U.S. nuclear policy during a period of geopolitical tension and technological advancement.
In 1973, Anders continued his public service as U.S. Ambassador to Norway, a position that allowed him to strengthen international relations and promote American interests abroad. Demonstrating his ability to navigate complex international politics, his tenure was marked by diplomatic finesse and a commitment to deepening ties between the two nations.
His transition into the corporate world was distinguished by the same drive and excellence that defined his earlier career. Joining General Electric (GE) in 1977, he rose to vice president and general manager of the Nuclear Products Division. His leadership at GE helped advance the company’s position in the nuclear energy sector, leveraging his deep understanding of both technological and regulatory challenges.
In 1984, Anders took on the role of chairman and CEO of General Dynamics, a leading defense contractor. Under his stewardship, the company underwent significant restructuring that improved its financial stability and strategic direction. His tenure at General Dynamics is remembered for decisive leadership and a commitment to ethical business practices. Anders set a high standard for corporate governance and responsibility.
Bill received numerous awards and honors throughout his career. In addition to being a member of the National Academy of Engineering, he received the following distinctions: the U.S. Air Force Distinguished Service Medal; the U.S. Air Force Commendation Medal; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal; the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Distinguished Service Medal; the National Geographic Society’s Hubbard Medal for Exploration; the Collier, Harmon, Robert Goddard, and Thomas White Trophies; and the 2023 Michael Collin Trophy for Lifetime Achievement, awarded by the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.
His legacy extends beyond his professional achievements. He inspired generations to look to the stars and strive for excellence in all endeavors. His pioneering spirit, commitment to public service, and dedication to ethical leadership serve as a guiding light for future generations. The “Earthrise” photograph continues to remind us of our collective responsibility to cherish and protect our planet — a fitting tribute to a man who dedicated his life to exploration, understanding, and stewardship.
Bill’s life was one of extraordinary achievement and unwavering dedication to the betterment of humanity. Beyond his professional accomplishments, he was a devoted husband, father, and grandfather. He is survived by his wife of over 60 years, Valerie; their six children — Greg, Alan, Glenn, Gayle, Eric, and Diana — plus 13 grandchildren. His family remembers him as a man of integrity, humility, and boundless curiosity.
In celebrating the life of William Anders, we honor a true American hero, whose remarkable journey left a lasting impact on the world. His memory will forever be a source of inspiration, reminding us of the limitless possibilities that arise when we reach for the stars and strive to make a positive difference.